Paruroctonus simulatus
Haradon 1985
Paruroctonus simulatus
Haradon, 1985: 35, 41, fig. 11-14, 16, 21-22; Kovarík,
1998: 144; Sissom, 2000:511.
type(s)
:
Paruroctonus simulatus
Haradon: Holotype male (adult) from U .S.A., Nevada,
Mineral County, 7 miles N Hawthorne, dunes SE Walker Lake, 15 August 1974
(R. M . Haradon, W. E. Savary). Depository: California Academy of Sciences
(Type No . 15063).
ooriginal description:
Description of male holotype (allotype).
—Measurements: Table 4. Pigmentation: pale brownish yellow with fuscous
markings on carapace, tergites, pedipalps, legs and ventral surface of
metasoma . Carapace : anterior margin straight ; surface coarsely
(moderately) granular; furrows and carinae well developed. Tergites: I-VII
anterior elevated area smooth, posterior area finely granular in anterior
half and coarsely (sparsely) granular in posterior half; median carina I-II
weakly developed (obsolete), III-VII moderately developed, granular (weak,
lightly granular); VII with two pairs granular lateral carinae. Sternites:
III-VI very finely granular (smooth), VII moderately (finely) granular with
one pair weak carinae. Chelicera: fixed digit with one denticle on inferior
carina, subdistal tine meets third superior tine of movable digit; movable
digit with superior distal tine elongate and curved, about 1/3 as long as
inferior distal tine. Trichobothria typical of genus in number and
distribution. Humerus: all carinae well developed, granular; intercarinal
surfaces lightly to moderately (lightly) granular; macrosetae include three
internal inframedials on proximal 3/5, one internal supramedial, four
dorsals, two external medials on distal 3/5. Brachium: all carinae well
developed, granular; intercarinal surfaces finely granular; four internal
macrosetae. Chela: eight major carinae well developed, granular (lightly to
moderately granular); intercarinal surfaces concave, finely granular;
macrosetae include two on internal carina (both long), two on ventrointernal
carina (proximal long, distal short), none on internal surface of fixed
finger, one long internal proximal on movable finger; supernumerary
denticles well developed, six on fixed finger, seven on movable finger;
primary denticles on fixed fingers 4,6-5,8-7,7-6,7,13-11, movable fingers
5,7-8,8,8,10-11,8-9. Basitarsi I-III: not compressed laterally; superior
setae on I 2+2, or 2+3 including mrs seta, II and III 4+2; mrs seta only
partially differentiated from superior setae on I, distinctly offset from
superior setae on II and III. Telotarsal setae I-IV: proinferiors 1,2,2,2;
two each promedials, prosuperiors, retrosuperiors, retromedials; one each
retroinferior; one each retroinferior terminal, one extraneous very slender
seta on III right and IV left. Ungues I-IV about half as long as telotarsus.
Pectines extend to distal margin of trochanter IV (slightly beyond coxa IV).
Metasomal carinae: dorsals I-IV serrate (crenulate); dorsolaterals I-IV
serrate (crenulate), V granular; laterals I crenulate to serrate, II
granular posterior 1/3 (few posterior granules), III with few posterior
granules, IV obsolete, V granular anterior 1/2 (1/3); ventrolaterals well
developed, I-II granular posterior 1 /3 (few posterior granules), III with
few posterior granules, IV irregularly crenulate to serrate posterior 1/2, V
granular to dentate; ventrals I moderately (weakly) developed, smooth,
II-III moderately to well developed, smooth, IV irregularly granular to
strongly granular, V dentate; intercarinal surfaces very finely granular
except V with scattered coarser granules ventrally. Metasomal setae: long;
dorsals 0,1,1,2; dorsolaterals 0,1,1,2; laterals 1,0,0,0,2; ventrolaterals
2,3,3,3,6; ventrals 3,4,4,4-5. Telson: ventral and lateral surfaces granular
(with few vestigial granules); nine pairs long ventral and lateral setae.
subsequent accounts:
distribution: NORTH
AMERICA. USA (Western Nevada and northern Inyo County,
California.).
View Map
published records:
Paratypes.
U.S.A.: NEVADA; Mineral County, 7 mi. N
Hawthorne, sand dunes SE Walker Lake, 15 August 1974 (R. M. Haradon, W. E.
Savary), 6 males, 2 females, allotype (CAS); Esmeralda County, 5 mi.
NW Coaldale, 17 December 1972 (collector unknown), 1 male (CAS); CALIFORNIA;
Inyo County, Eureka Valley, sand dunes, 4 September 1975 (D.
Giuliani), 1 male, 1 female (CAS), Saline Valley, Racetrack Valley Rd,
(1950-2100 feet), 27 November 1959 (B . Banta), 2 males, 1 female (CAS),
Saline Valley, Grapevine Canyon Rd . (2300-3400 feet), 27 November 1959 (B.
Banta), 1 male, 2 females (CAS), Death Valley Natl. Mon ., along Grapevine
Canyon Rd ., 32 mi. NW jct. Hwy 190, 13 October 1977 (J. Hjelle, W. E.
Savary), 3 males, 4 females (CAS).
notes:
Haradon 1985 Diagnosis.—A species of
subgenus Paruroctonus, stahnkei infragroup (cheliceral fixed
digit with inferior carina extending proximally to level of bicusp ;
pectinal teeth 18-24 in males, 12-17 in females; pedipalp primary denticles,
excluding proximal row, 29-34 on fixed finger, 38-44 on movable finger;
basitarsus II with mrs seta; dorsal metasomal setae I-IV 0,1,1,2), and
shulovi microgroup (carapace length/cheliceral fixed digit length ratio 7
.0-8 .0; cheliceral fixed digit with denticles on inferior carina),
differentiated by: (1) telotarsi II-IV with one retroinferior terminal seta
(Fig . 16); (2) basitarsus III with six (4+2) superior setae (Figs . 13-14);
(3) pedipalp fingers in adult male moderately scalloped proximally, closed
fingers form moderate gap (Fig . 20), in adult female essentially
unscalloped, closed fingers form at most a very narrow gap (Fig. 22); (4)
pedipalp palm length/width ratio in adult males 1.5-1.6.
Comparisons: P. shulovi (see above) differs in
characters 1-4.
Variation.—Total adult length of males 32-40 mm, females 36-50 mm. Adult
carapace length of males 3.4-4.6 mm, females 4.0-5.6 mm (except one specimen
6.6 mm). Pedipalp palm length/width ratio in adult males 1.5-1.6 (1.51 ±
0.03, n = 13), adult females 1.5-1.6 (1.55 ± 0 .04, n = 12). Pectinal tooth
counts varied as in Table 3. Pedipalp primary denticles, excluding proximal
row, total 29-34 (31.53 ± 1.54, n = 19) on fixed finger, 38-44 (41.33 ±
1.97, n = 18) on movable finger. Ventral metasomal setae varied 3,4,4-5,4-5,
usually 3,4,4,5; ventrolateral setae on segment V (sample n = 27) varied as
follows: 6/6 (20), 6/7 (6), 7/8 (1); seventh and eighth setae on V usually
smaller than and offset from other six.
Etymology .—The name "simulatus" refers to the close similarity of this
species to its apparent sister species, P. shulovi.
