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Museum Collections
Collections of vaejovid specimens in the many museums and universities across North America represent a vast resource for this project. Existing type and non-type specimens are in the process of being loaned from these collections or examined in situ, and databased to:
Table 1 (below) lists depositories and their estimated holdings: 87% of primary types reside in CAS (53%), AMNH (28%) and BMNH (6%). Most non-type material resides in North America (particularly the USA), and a large proportion has already been authoritatively identified or incorporated into revisionary studies. W. David Sissom examined material from numerous collections throughout the world, including ca. 90% originating from mainland Mexico. Stanley C. Williams examined most material from Baja California and the southwestern USA. Oscar Francke made and identified extensive collections from the southwestern USA. The largest collections are housed in AMNH and CAS. AMNH houses the O.F. Francke collection, rich in vaejovids from the southwestern USA and Mexico, and including many large series collected by UV detection. The W.J. Gertsch collections, containing considerable Mexican material, all derived from rock-rolling, are also located at AMNH. Collectively, these represent ca. 25 000 vaejovids. CAS houses the H.L. Stahnke and S.C. Williams collections. The Stahnke collection includes ca. 15 000 vaejovids, mostly representing common species from Arizona, other southwestern states, and some from Mexico. Most were donated by students and colleagues and many are poorly or inaccurately labeled. The Williams collection contains ca. 30 000 vaejovids, primarily from Baja California, California, Nevada, and Arizona although some originates from other US states and several in mainland Mexico (Jalisco, Coahuila, Sonora). This collection is characterized by many large series of specimens collected by UV detection. Although much of the material in AMNH and CAS has been preliminarily identified, little to none of it is databased or georeferenced. Some remains to be identified before it can be databased, and the rest (representing taxa that are either undescribed or in need of revision) can only be identified and databased as part of the revisionary process. Most of the vaejovid material in Mexico (UNAM, INDRE, and IPN) is unsorted. Little of this is databased and much represents taxa either undescribed or in need of revision. The remaining US and European collections contain fewer than several hundred vaejovid series each, and few are databased. Table 1. Principal collections of Vaejovidae. Letters denote genera and species groups as follows: A = Paravaejovis; B = Paruroctonus; C = Pseudouroctonus; D = Serradigitus; E = Smeringurus; F = Syntropis; G = Uroctonites; H = Uroctonus; P = Vaejovis, O = Vejovoidus. Acronyms as follows: CAS = California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA; AMNH = American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY; BMNH = British Museum of Natural History, London, UK; USNM = United States National Museum, Washington, DC; MNHN = Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MIZT = Museo el Istituto di Zoologia Sistematica della Universitá, Turin, Italy; ZMB = Zoologisches Museum, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany; MCZ = Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; UNAM = Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico; NRS = Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden; ZMH = Zoologisches Museum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; NMW = Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria; INDRE = Instituto Nacional de Diagnostico y Referencia Epidemilogica, Mexico City, Mexico; IPN = Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico; TMMA = Texas Memorial Museum, Austin, TX; FMNH = Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL; BYU = Brigham Young University, Provo, UT; FSCA = Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, FL; PM = Prague Museum, Prague, Hungary; WTAMU = West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX; ANSP = Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA.
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